Eteocles and Polynices

Eteocles and Polynices were the sons of the classic Greek tragic hero and Theban king Oedipus, who fought each other for the control of Thebes after their father abdicated. The Oedipus story is part of the Theban cycle and told most famously by the Greek poet Sophocles. After decades of ruling Thebes, Oedipus discovered he had been at the mercy of a prophecy cast before his birth. Fulfilling the curse, Oedipus had unwittingly killed his own father Laius, and married and fathered four children by his mother Jocasta. In rage and horror, Oedipus blinded himself and abandoned his throne. As he left, Oedipus cursed his own two grown sons/brothers, Eteocles and Polynices had been left to rule Thebes, but Oedipus doomed them to kill each other. The 17th-century painting by Giovanni Battista Tiepolo shows the fulfillment of that curse, their deaths at each others hand. Owning the Throne The Greek poet Aeschylus told the Eteocles and Polynices story in his award-winning trilogy on the topic, Seven Against Thebes, In the final play, the brothers fight  each other for possession of the throne of Thebes. At first, they had agreed to rule Thebes jointly by alternating years in power, but after his first year, Eteocles refused to step down. To gain the rule of Thebes, Polynices needed warriors, but Theban men within the city would only fight for his brother. Instead, Polynices gathered a group of men from Argos. There were seven gates to Thebes, and Polynices selected seven captains to lead the charges against each gate. To fight them and protect the gates, Eteocles selected the best-qualified man in Thebes to challenge the specific Argive adversary, so there are seven Theban counterparts to the Argive attackers. The seven pairs are: Tydeus vs. MelanippusCapaneus vs. PolyphontesEteoclus vs. MegareusHippomedon vs. HyperbiusParthenopeus vs.  ActorAmphiaraus vs. LasthenesPolynices vs. Eteocles The battles end when the two brothers kill each other with swords. In the sequel to the battle between Eteocles and Polynices, the successors of the fallen Argives, known as the Epigoni, win control of Thebes. Eteocles was buried honorably, but the traitor Polynices was not, leading to their sister Antigones own tragedy.

Maya Angelou A Model Woman Through Influential Literature...

There are many women of today that have become a model for society. In order to have the reputation of the model woman, there is a need for accomplishment in life in addition to being a positive influence on society itself. Maya Angelou is a great example of the model woman. She has beaten the odds and has become one of the most well known African American women of today. She is an author, poet, historian, songwriter, playwright, dancer, stage and screen producer, director, performer, singer, and civil rights activist. Her most influential work comes from her extraordinary books and poems. Her literature has influenced the young and old with their contents. Maya Angelous literary significance rests primarily upon her exceptional†¦show more content†¦Joanne M. Braxton described her and her literature as Americas most visible black woman autobiographer. While black women writers might share traditional motivations for writing autobiography, other motives derive from their uni que experiences. And yet, against all odds, she comes to self-awareness and finds herself at the center of her own experience. Maya Angelou has tempered her own anger and put it to a constructive purpose; her work specks to the necessity of reflecting, remembering, opening, healing, and, at times, issuing a warning. In I know Why the Caged Birds Sings, she focuses almost entirely on the inner spaces of her emotional and personal life, crafting a literary autobiography that becomes not merely a personal record but also a stage on which the sins of the past can be recalled and rituals of healing and reconciliation enacted. (Braxton, Joann, page 4) Maya Angelou has been awarded over 30 honorary degrees and was nominated for a Pulitzer Prize for her 1971 volume of poetry, Just Give Me a Cool Drink of Water Fore I Diiie. Again, the theme of this volume of poetry focuses on Angelous perspective on what it means to be a black woman in the United States, but also address experiences common to all people. The book has two parts, Where Love is a Scream of Anguish and Just Before the World Ends. The firstShow MoreRelatedEssay On Maya Angelou1280 Words   |  6 PagesMaya Angelou, named at birth, Marguerite Johnson was on April 4th, 1928, in St. Louis, Missouri. Her and her family moved from St. Louis to Stamps, Arkansas, where she was raised growing up. Maya Angelou was an American author, dancer, screenwriter, actress, poet and civil rights activist. Angelou gained a majority of her fame with the memoir she wrote in 1969, I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings. This memoir made literary history as being the first nonfiction best-seller by an African-American womanRead MoreI Know Why the Caged Bird Sings - Maya Angelou6502 Words   |  27 PagesAnalysis: Chapters 1–5 The lines from the poem Maya cannot finish, â€Å"What are you looking at me for? I didn’t come to stay . . .† capture two of the most significant issues she struggles with in her childhood and young adulthood: feeling ugly and awkward and never feeling attached to one place. First, Maya imagines that though people judge her unfairly by her awkward looks, they will be surprised one day when her true self emerges. At the time, she hopes that she will emerge as if in a fairy-tale

Stroke In Symptomatic Carotid Stenosis Health And Social Care Essay Free Essays

Purpose- The intent of this reappraisal is to look at the consequence of timing of the surgery on the hazard decrease from undergoing the process in patients that have diagnostic carotid stricture and have suffered old transeunt ischemic onslaughts or acute shots. What will be reviewed are the chief randomised control tests carried out in recent old ages and the guidelines obtained from such tests. The tests being the North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial ( NASCET ) ( 2 ) the European Carotid Surgery Trial ( ECST ) ( 1 ) and a Population based survey of holds in Carotid imagination and surgery and the hazard of recurrent shot, ( the Oxfordshire survey ) ( 3 ) . We will write a custom essay sample on Stroke In Symptomatic Carotid Stenosis Health And Social Care Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now Search methods- The writer used the University of Liverpool and Lancaster University library services to carry on the hunts every bit good as the universe broad web. Database hunts were conducted utilizing MEDLINE, PUBMED, Web of Science and OvidS. Cardinal words: shot, TIA, carotid endarterectomy, hazard, carotid stricture, timing, surgery, early Consequences: Decisions: Introduction An estimated 150,000 people have a shot with over 67,000 deceases attributed to stroke each twelvemonth in the UK. It is the 3rd most common cause of decease in England and Wales and histories for 9 per cent of all deceases in work forces and 13 per cent of deceases in adult females in the UK. It causes greater disablement than other chronic diseases and there are an estimated 300,000 people populating with moderate to terrible disablements due to shots. ( 4 ) In England shots cost the economic system A ; lb ; 7bn. This includes NHS costs, station shot attention costs and cost due to loss of productiveness and disablement ( 4 ) . A shot can be defined as either ischemic or haemorrhagic. Both cause a break in the blood supply to the encephalon and rapid development of loss of encephalon map either due to spliting of a blood vas or as in the instance of carotid arteria disease the blocking of a vas either due to plaque formation or thrombus formation. Ischaemic strokes history for 70 % of all shots. ( 5 ) Ischaemia is the deficiency of O and glucose to the tissues and so the eventual decease of the tissue. The location of the ischaemia and the loss of encephalon map can be determined by the attendant effects such as hemiparesis or unilateral paralysis, the inability to organize or understand address and the loss of ocular Fieldss typically amaurosis fugax ( a transient monocular ocular loss ) . A transeunt ischaemic onslaught ( TIA ) is frequently referred to as a mini shot and is the consequence of break of blood flow temporarily to a portion of the encephalon ( 5 ) . This impermanent break of blood flow consequences in brief neurologic disfunction that persists for less than 24 hours. If the symptoms last for longer than 24 hours it is classed as a shot. Ischaemic shots and TIA are on occasion treated with thrombolysis, the pharmacological dislocation of coagulums, physical therapy, address and linguistic communication therapy and occupational therapy. For patients shown to hold carotid artery stricture surgery is besides an option. Carotid endarterectomy ( CEA ) is a surgical process performed to forestall shots in patients who suffer from carotid arteria disease. Patients may hold diagnostic or symptomless carotid arterial stricture which is contracting of an arteria in this instance the common carotid arteria ( CCA ) . The stricture is caused by coronary artery disease and plaque formation on the interior of the arteria ( 6, 7 ) . The plaque formation normally occurs at the bifurcation of the CCA and this so causes narrowing of the lms and/or the release of emboli in to the circulation which can so come in the internal carotid arteria and so the encephalon. This can so do a transeunt ischemic onslaught or a shot. The grade of stricture of the CCA determines how high the hazard is for such an event. Patients who have suffered a TIA should be to the full assessed utilizing the ABCD2 mark to find the hazard of farther shot and should besides undergo encephalon imagination ( 8 ) . Patients with an ABCD2 mark of 4 or more and where the vascular pathology is diffident so the encephalon imagination should be carried out within 24 hours of oncoming of symptoms. Those with an ABCD2 mark of less than 4 where the vascular pathology is diffident are classed as lower hazard of farther shot and should guarantee they undergo encephalon imagination with in 1 hebdomad of the oncoming of symptoms. The ABCD2 mark is a validated tool to measure farther shot hazard in patients with TIA, based on age, blood force per unit area, clinical characteristics such as failing, diabetes, and symptom continuance. Patients believed to hold suffered an acute shot should hold encephalon imaging done within 1 hr or Oklahoman where possible if there is an indicant for thrombolysis or if they fulfil other standards set out by the guideline development group ( GDG ) , ( 9 ) . Patients who have suffered a non-disabling shot or a TIA may be appropriate for carotid endarterectomy. Campaigners who are appropriate for carotid endarterectomy should undergo specialist appraisal and imagination of their carotid arterias within a hebdomad of the oncoming of symptoms. Literature hunt and method The writer used the University of Liverpool and Lancaster University library services to carry on the hunts every bit good as the universe broad web. Database hunts were conducted utilizing MEDLINE, PUBMED, Web of Science and OvidS. Key words and footings searched included shot, TIA, carotid endarterectomy, hazard, carotid stricture, timing, surgery, early. From the hunt articles were identified by ab initio seeking the term ‘carotid endarterectomy ‘ which gave 3425 articles. This hunt was so narrowed down by adding in the term ‘timing ‘ which narrowed the hunt to merely 17 articles. From analyzing the abstracts of the 17 articles 5 were chosen for their relevancy to the rubric inquiry, day of the month and surveies carried out. I chose these articles to reexamine because they all included informations collected sing the timing of carotid endarterectomy performed after patients suffered diagnostic carotid stricture in the signifier of a non-disabling shot or TIA. The surveies chosen are ; Urgency of Carotid Endarterectomy for Secondary Stroke Prevention: Consequences From the Registry of the Canadian Stroke Network ( Study 1 ) ( 10 ) , Population-based Study of Delays in Carotid Imaging and Surgery and the Hazard of Recurrent Stroke ( Study 2 ) ( 3 ) , European Carotid Surgery Trialists ‘ Collaborative Group. Randomised test of endarterectomy for late diagnostic carotid stricture: concluding consequences of the MRC European Carotid Surgery Trial ( ECST ) ( Study 3 ) ( 1 ) , Timing of Carotid Endarterectomy in Patients with Recent Stroke ( Study 4 ) ( 11 ) , and Endarterectomy for Symptomatic Carotid Stenosis in Relation to Clinical Subgroups and Timing of Surgery ( Study 5 ) ( 12 ) . Literature Review Study 1 This survey identified patients from 12 shot Centres in Canada between 2003 and 2006. The cohort was retrospectively assembled from the patients in the register who had undergone CEA within 6 months of enduring a diagnostic event, described as a TIA or an acute ischemic shot. Patients were excluded from the survey who had suffered optic events or posterior circulation events. It besides restricted its cohort to diagnostic patients by merely including patients with known diagnostic stricture contralateral to the symptoms or ipsilateral to the country noted on neuroimaging. This was to except patients operated on for symptomless stricture. This survey showed that of all the ischemic shots and TIAs on their register that met the standards, 10213, 6270, ( 61.4 % ) received imaging and of this 1011 ( 16.1 % ) were found to hold diagnostic carotid stricture of 50-99 % . Of these patients 177 ( 17.5 % ) underwent CEA within 6 months and excepting those patients with bilateral stricture left 105 patients for the survey. 80 % of the 105 of these had terrible stricture of 70-99 % and 20 % had moderate stricture of 50-69 % . Patients were shown to go to the exigency section in a average clip of 6.7 hours of the oncoming of symptoms ( interquartile scope 1.2-31.7 ) with 71 % geting within 24hours. Of the 105 patients 38 underwent surgery within 2 hebdomads, 53 within 1 month and the staying 26 3months or subsequently. The survey showed that the patients undergoing surgery within 2 hebdomads improved significantly over the survey period – 18.2 % in 2003, 25 % in 2004, 45.5 % in 2005 and 44.8 % in 2006. Study 2 How to cite Stroke In Symptomatic Carotid Stenosis Health And Social Care Essay, Essay examples

Stroke In Symptomatic Carotid Stenosis Health And Social Care Essay Free Essays

Purpose- The intent of this reappraisal is to look at the consequence of timing of the surgery on the hazard decrease from undergoing the process in patients that have diagnostic carotid stricture and have suffered old transeunt ischemic onslaughts or acute shots. What will be reviewed are the chief randomised control tests carried out in recent old ages and the guidelines obtained from such tests. The tests being the North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial ( NASCET ) ( 2 ) the European Carotid Surgery Trial ( ECST ) ( 1 ) and a Population based survey of holds in Carotid imagination and surgery and the hazard of recurrent shot, ( the Oxfordshire survey ) ( 3 ) . We will write a custom essay sample on Stroke In Symptomatic Carotid Stenosis Health And Social Care Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now Search methods- The writer used the University of Liverpool and Lancaster University library services to carry on the hunts every bit good as the universe broad web. Database hunts were conducted utilizing MEDLINE, PUBMED, Web of Science and OvidS. Cardinal words: shot, TIA, carotid endarterectomy, hazard, carotid stricture, timing, surgery, early Consequences: Decisions: Introduction An estimated 150,000 people have a shot with over 67,000 deceases attributed to stroke each twelvemonth in the UK. It is the 3rd most common cause of decease in England and Wales and histories for 9 per cent of all deceases in work forces and 13 per cent of deceases in adult females in the UK. It causes greater disablement than other chronic diseases and there are an estimated 300,000 people populating with moderate to terrible disablements due to shots. ( 4 ) In England shots cost the economic system A ; lb ; 7bn. This includes NHS costs, station shot attention costs and cost due to loss of productiveness and disablement ( 4 ) . A shot can be defined as either ischemic or haemorrhagic. Both cause a break in the blood supply to the encephalon and rapid development of loss of encephalon map either due to spliting of a blood vas or as in the instance of carotid arteria disease the blocking of a vas either due to plaque formation or thrombus formation. Ischaemic strokes history for 70 % of all shots. ( 5 ) Ischaemia is the deficiency of O and glucose to the tissues and so the eventual decease of the tissue. The location of the ischaemia and the loss of encephalon map can be determined by the attendant effects such as hemiparesis or unilateral paralysis, the inability to organize or understand address and the loss of ocular Fieldss typically amaurosis fugax ( a transient monocular ocular loss ) . A transeunt ischaemic onslaught ( TIA ) is frequently referred to as a mini shot and is the consequence of break of blood flow temporarily to a portion of the encephalon ( 5 ) . This impermanent break of blood flow consequences in brief neurologic disfunction that persists for less than 24 hours. If the symptoms last for longer than 24 hours it is classed as a shot. Ischaemic shots and TIA are on occasion treated with thrombolysis, the pharmacological dislocation of coagulums, physical therapy, address and linguistic communication therapy and occupational therapy. For patients shown to hold carotid artery stricture surgery is besides an option. Carotid endarterectomy ( CEA ) is a surgical process performed to forestall shots in patients who suffer from carotid arteria disease. Patients may hold diagnostic or symptomless carotid arterial stricture which is contracting of an arteria in this instance the common carotid arteria ( CCA ) . The stricture is caused by coronary artery disease and plaque formation on the interior of the arteria ( 6, 7 ) . The plaque formation normally occurs at the bifurcation of the CCA and this so causes narrowing of the lms and/or the release of emboli in to the circulation which can so come in the internal carotid arteria and so the encephalon. This can so do a transeunt ischemic onslaught or a shot. The grade of stricture of the CCA determines how high the hazard is for such an event. Patients who have suffered a TIA should be to the full assessed utilizing the ABCD2 mark to find the hazard of farther shot and should besides undergo encephalon imagination ( 8 ) . Patients with an ABCD2 mark of 4 or more and where the vascular pathology is diffident so the encephalon imagination should be carried out within 24 hours of oncoming of symptoms. Those with an ABCD2 mark of less than 4 where the vascular pathology is diffident are classed as lower hazard of farther shot and should guarantee they undergo encephalon imagination with in 1 hebdomad of the oncoming of symptoms. The ABCD2 mark is a validated tool to measure farther shot hazard in patients with TIA, based on age, blood force per unit area, clinical characteristics such as failing, diabetes, and symptom continuance. Patients believed to hold suffered an acute shot should hold encephalon imaging done within 1 hr or Oklahoman where possible if there is an indicant for thrombolysis or if they fulfil other standards set out by the guideline development group ( GDG ) , ( 9 ) . Patients who have suffered a non-disabling shot or a TIA may be appropriate for carotid endarterectomy. Campaigners who are appropriate for carotid endarterectomy should undergo specialist appraisal and imagination of their carotid arterias within a hebdomad of the oncoming of symptoms. Literature hunt and method The writer used the University of Liverpool and Lancaster University library services to carry on the hunts every bit good as the universe broad web. Database hunts were conducted utilizing MEDLINE, PUBMED, Web of Science and OvidS. Key words and footings searched included shot, TIA, carotid endarterectomy, hazard, carotid stricture, timing, surgery, early. From the hunt articles were identified by ab initio seeking the term ‘carotid endarterectomy ‘ which gave 3425 articles. This hunt was so narrowed down by adding in the term ‘timing ‘ which narrowed the hunt to merely 17 articles. From analyzing the abstracts of the 17 articles 5 were chosen for their relevancy to the rubric inquiry, day of the month and surveies carried out. I chose these articles to reexamine because they all included informations collected sing the timing of carotid endarterectomy performed after patients suffered diagnostic carotid stricture in the signifier of a non-disabling shot or TIA. The surveies chosen are ; Urgency of Carotid Endarterectomy for Secondary Stroke Prevention: Consequences From the Registry of the Canadian Stroke Network ( Study 1 ) ( 10 ) , Population-based Study of Delays in Carotid Imaging and Surgery and the Hazard of Recurrent Stroke ( Study 2 ) ( 3 ) , European Carotid Surgery Trialists ‘ Collaborative Group. Randomised test of endarterectomy for late diagnostic carotid stricture: concluding consequences of the MRC European Carotid Surgery Trial ( ECST ) ( Study 3 ) ( 1 ) , Timing of Carotid Endarterectomy in Patients with Recent Stroke ( Study 4 ) ( 11 ) , and Endarterectomy for Symptomatic Carotid Stenosis in Relation to Clinical Subgroups and Timing of Surgery ( Study 5 ) ( 12 ) . Literature Review Study 1 This survey identified patients from 12 shot Centres in Canada between 2003 and 2006. The cohort was retrospectively assembled from the patients in the register who had undergone CEA within 6 months of enduring a diagnostic event, described as a TIA or an acute ischemic shot. Patients were excluded from the survey who had suffered optic events or posterior circulation events. It besides restricted its cohort to diagnostic patients by merely including patients with known diagnostic stricture contralateral to the symptoms or ipsilateral to the country noted on neuroimaging. This was to except patients operated on for symptomless stricture. This survey showed that of all the ischemic shots and TIAs on their register that met the standards, 10213, 6270, ( 61.4 % ) received imaging and of this 1011 ( 16.1 % ) were found to hold diagnostic carotid stricture of 50-99 % . Of these patients 177 ( 17.5 % ) underwent CEA within 6 months and excepting those patients with bilateral stricture left 105 patients for the survey. 80 % of the 105 of these had terrible stricture of 70-99 % and 20 % had moderate stricture of 50-69 % . Patients were shown to go to the exigency section in a average clip of 6.7 hours of the oncoming of symptoms ( interquartile scope 1.2-31.7 ) with 71 % geting within 24hours. Of the 105 patients 38 underwent surgery within 2 hebdomads, 53 within 1 month and the staying 26 3months or subsequently. The survey showed that the patients undergoing surgery within 2 hebdomads improved significantly over the survey period – 18.2 % in 2003, 25 % in 2004, 45.5 % in 2005 and 44.8 % in 2006. Study 2 How to cite Stroke In Symptomatic Carotid Stenosis Health And Social Care Essay, Essay examples